sweet
England: Lemon Curd
Lemon curd has nothing to do with cheese or milk. This is a favorite and very traditional spread that people in England have been using on their toast and scones, and in pastry cooking, for at least a few centuries and probably much longer.
Ingredients:
- 2 lemons
- 2 eggs
- 2 oz butter
- 2 tbsp sugar
Remove the zest from the lemons (don't get down to the pith) and squeeze the juice out of them. Put juice, zest and other ingredients into a bowl set over a pan with hot water.
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Ireland: Yellowman (Crunchy Brown Sugar and Golden Syrup Toffee): March 14, 2008

The words "Ireland" and "candy" probably don't automatically go together in most people's minds when considering traditional Irish food. In the last few decades, of course, renowned Irish candy-makers have sprung up -- specifically chocolatiers like Lír and Lily O'Brien's. But much older than anything these folks produce is a traditional Irish sweet that hails from the northern counties, and is famous enough to have been enshrined in song.
Yellowman is associated with the great annual harvest-time cattle fair at Ballycastle, County Antrim. ("Did you treat your Mary Ann / To some dulse and yellowman / at the old Lammas Fair / at Ballycastle, O?" asks the old song.) It's a toffee based on golden syrup and brown sugar. Vinegar sharpens the taste, and the toffee acquires a unique bubbly, light, crunchy consistency due to the reaction of the vinegar with the baking soda that's added to the mixture when it's hot enough. Yellowman was sold from numerous competing stalls at the Ballycastle fair, the various entrepreneurs making all kinds of claims for their own product. One stallkeeper claimed that his family's recipe for yellowman would cure all known diseases. (Pity it wasn't true.)
Yellowman is fairly quick and easy to make if you want to give it a try. It's a pleasant candy just eaten on its own: and some of the new generation of Irish chefs have started putting it in other desserts, such as ice cream.
Click on "read more" for the recipe.
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Ireland: Orange-Iced Gingerbread (March 2, 2008)

There was a time in Ireland not so long ago when the arrival of a guest meant the imminent production of the Tea Trolley. Besides the teapot and cups, the trolley would also be loaded down with a basic assortment of home baking. Plain soda bread and fruit sodas ("tea breads") would be there, as well as layer cake -- usually known in Ireland as "sandwich" -- and other confections such as scones, pancakes, jelly rolls, and so forth. The assortment would be varied according to the cook's preferences and skills. If you weren't much good as a baker, you might buy something in from the local bakery (assuming your village or town was lucky enough to have one) or ask a friend or neighbor to help you out.
These days the tea trolley is fading into the background as one of the less convenient aspects of traditional Ireland, like thatch: something that sounds like a nice idea in theory and looks pleasant at a distance, but is now usually thought to be too much trouble to bother with. In particular, the modern Ireland in which both parents in a family are likely to be employed outside the home and time is at a premium has not been kind to home baking in general and the tea-trolley tradition specifically. These days, the feeling would be that if you want nice cakes or goodies to offer a guest, the supermarket has a very wide array to choose from, whether it has a separate in-store bakery or not. And even tiny village stores normally get a delivery from one of the major bakery chains two or three times a week.
Interestingly, though, assuming that the home cook feels like impressing a guest by doing a little baking from scratch, there is one option that tends not to be as available for the Irish cook as it is to those in other modern baking cultures. Ireland is very, very short on cake mixes and so forth. A surprising number of the cake mixes on the supermarket shelves are imports, US brands like Betty Crocker (now manufactured under license in the UK and elsewhere across Europe) or Continental ones like Dr. Oetker. The local flour manufacturers such as Odlums offer only a few most basic mixes for things like soda bread, seed cake / madeira cake, and so forth. It's as if there's a local prejudice against having home baking be anything but "the real thing". This may be why Irish cookbooks tend to have such large cake / baking sections.
Gingerbread would have been a perennial adornment of the tea trolley over the last century or so when the Irish housewife was doing the baking. It didn't call for exotic ingredients, children liked it, it was fast and easy to make, and gingerbread hot out of the oven has a cachet that not even baker's gingerbread could match. This recipe, adapted from one in a locally published Irish cookbook of the 50's, adds a little something extra: an icing based on the juice of bitter Seville oranges. It is dark, rich, moist, hot with ginger, and endlessly better than the gingerbread cake / cupcake mixes available in the North American market.
Click on "read more" for the recipe.
(For those interested: the "Circle of Life" mug comes from Könitz Porcelain in Germany, and is available worldwide from various online retailers.)
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Switzerland: Grittibänzen

These traditional figures, which have many other names in various Swiss dialects, represent Saint Nicholas (in Swiss German, "Samichlaus") and can be found in most bakeries in the German-speaking parts of Switzerland as Christmastime approaches. Families and kids' classes at school tend to bake them on December 6th, which is the proper Feast of St. Nicholas, and is the Christmas "gift holiday" for children in numerous European countries.
Grittibänzen are made of a sweet yeast dough similar to the one used for challah, and are often decorated with little twigs of pine or fir. The recipe below is for a very basic type of grittibänzen: the decoration can be much more elaborate, depending on the baker's preferences.
There are some modern variants on the theme appearing, including savory grittibänzen (the unusually energetic-looking gritti you see here is one of these). Click "read more" to see links, and for links to some web-bakers' efforts.
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